`` 1493 Uncovering The New World Columbus Created By...

In the novel, 1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus Created, Charles C. Mann enlightens and captures how Columbus’s expeditions united the lands of Eurasia and America. It is a well-written and informational book that successfully displays much of the development and foundation of our present all from the European discovery of the new world. Charles C. Mann’s main objective with this book was to extend on the geographer, Alfred W Crosby’s explanation of â€Å"Ecological Imperialism.† 1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus Created is fragmented into four sections and organized chronologically. The first section is Atlantic Journeys. Atlantic Journeys explains the establishment of the Columbian Exchange. English settlers arrived in Chesapeake Bay on May 14, 1607. They docked in the James River on a Native American empire, Tsenacomoco. In 1610, John Rolfe transplanted tobacco seeds from Venezuela. Six years later he traded tobacco for English dirt, which brought the life source of earthworms to America. European powers turn Virginia into a tobacco-producing machine on the global market (95). From 1607 to 1624 tobacco spreads to China, Dheli, Istanbul, and Mughal empires. Tobacco brought malaria and yellow fever to the Americas. Then sugarcane spread malaria to the Caribbean and Mexico. By 1620, American tobacco is at its highest profit. Such income led colonists to create a representational body in the colonies in 1619. The Colombian exchange raised the price of in dentured

The Compromise Of Personal Moral Standards - 1678 Words

Macbeth: The Compromise of Personal Moral Standards Macbeth was written by William Shakespeare in the early 1600’s in the time of King James I. King James I was James VI of Scotland before succeeding to the crown of England in the early 1600’s. Macbeth was written to please King James I as he had a desire to study the supernatural and their ability to control fate. The idea that everything moral has an evil counterpart can cause someone to struggle to maintain or regain their moral standards is one that can be explained with examples of betrayal, fate and freewill, and gender role reversal. Betrayal leads to corruptions of the mind, thoughts, and thinking process, and causes people to belong to a personality they do not like. Fate and freewill can compromise someone’s future when he or she makes unruly decisions and forgets to act maturely and instead reacts solely to the situation at hand. Gender role reversal causes thoughts and doubt based on a person’ s gender, because of this, this person begins to judge others when judgment is not required and thinks differently about his or her own self and role in society, he or she is compromising moral standards. When personal moral standards are compromised or corrupted, either in individual situations or generally over time, a person will struggle to regain the previously held moral standards. This is how personal morals and natural balance and order is affected by wrong-doings and temptations both in reality and in Macbeth.Show MoreRelatedMoral Dilemm Right Vs Right Essay1348 Words   |  6 Pages Moral Dilemma Right versus right moral dilemma causes conflict which is recognized in the two cases and each case, a person considers themselves as having moral intentions. 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Marketers Persue the Shallow Pocketed Free Essays

Is the information being discussed in this article another example of colonialism? Why or why not? Identify two potential positives and two negatives direct marketing of the poor has on people and their economies. What theory of development is most applicable to the expansion of global markets to poor, low income, and indigenous communities? After reading the information in chapter 8 and the information in the article, â€Å"Marketers pursue the shallow pocketed†, it is my conclusion that the information being discussed in this article is a clear example of colonialism. As stated in the textbook, Colonialism tended to deprive a society not only of its wealth and freedom, but also of its very character, leaving the local people intellectually and morally disoriented (Fanon, 1963), this is a lot like the article which shows that marketing to the poor has become a very hot subject. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketers Persue the Shallow Pocketed or any similar topic only for you Order Now Identify two potential positives and two negatives direct marketing of the poor has on people and their economies. One positive thing that direct marketing of the poor has on people and their economies is that the people will be able to purchase items they need and want at lower prices. Another positive aspect of direct marketing is that the economy improves as more money is being spent. One of the negative aspects of direct marketing is that products will be provided in excess however the items may be of a lower quality, and the second negative aspect is that the poor people are being encouraged to purchase unnecessarily and perhaps overindulging in things that are not necessarily needed. RESOURCES: Nowak, B. , amp; Laird, P. , (2010), Cultural Anthropology- 8. 2: Modern States: Industrialization and the Global World: Economy   Retrieved from https://content. ashford. edu/books/AUANT101. 10. 2/sections/sec8. 2 How to cite Marketers Persue the Shallow Pocketed, Papers

Cowgirl Chocolates free essay sample

Her product development was based on the input of her friends and family, which represents a skewed and too small sample of the population. In addition, Marilyn is cutting out the biggest portion of her target market by naming her product Cowgirl Chocolates and making the brand label May Lillie. Therefore, the branding is not appealing to men, which constitute the biggest portion of her target market. Before spending money on advertising, a target market has to be defined and the proper channels to reach that target market. Advertising without a clearly defined target market is inefficient and wastes company resources.Giving samples will help establish a base of awareness of her product and the acquired taste but this has an inherent cost involved. Secondary Problems Marilyn’s lack of resources poses a great problem because without sufficient resources she will not be able to expand her business and increase sales. We will write a custom essay sample on Cowgirl Chocolates or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Cowgirl Chocolates lack the resources to become a large company they desire to become. Financially Cowgirl Chocolate does not have the resources to operate at full potential. The company is using revenue generated from Marilyn’s artwork, a small loan, and her personal savings to operate the company. Expenses completely overshadow her revenue of $30,000 while expenses were $50,000. This lack of funds give little to no room for promotional activity, a product that is as unique as spicy chocolates needs to have promotional abilities. Staff resources are minimal; Marilyn is the main source of production of her company. She does everything by herself, from the packaging and shipping the product to design and making the chocolate. This leaves Marilyn little time to expand to bigger ideas and meet with possible investors. She is devoting her time to the tedious work required to produce the product.Positioning of her product is the key to its success. Another problem is the distribution channels that the company uses. The lack of sales deterred Seattle Chocolates from agreeing to manage the wholesale operations for Cowgirl Chocolates. â€Å"They were not interested in taking this on at the present time†¦because they were not really sure where the market was for the product. † Marilyn also knew she had to increase sales before Seattle Chocolates would consider such an arrangement. However, the company is lacking a clear understanding of where the product should be sold, and which distribution channel will bring the greatest sales.Currently Marylin’s strategy is to directly gain placements in retail stores one after the other. Marylin does not have the expertise and connections in distribution to gain product placements in stores. Marylin is currently trying to perform all tasks that a wholesaler would do such as promotion, negotiation, matching, physical distribution and risk taking. A wholesaler would perform those tasks better, cheaper, and more efficient and effective than Marylin ever could. One example of this is Marylin not being paid for her chocolates by a local vendor and having them returned after months.Although the Cowgirl Chocolates website is responsible for a third of total sales, it lacks crucial features. The website does not have the ability to track repeat customers and does not know how customers found her website. Although Marilyn advertises on other websites and portals there is no tracking and she does not know how effective each channel is, and how many customers it brings to the site. There is no knowledge what search terms customers that found her site were using. That way there is no data on whether the Cowgirl Chocolates website is competing with other chocolate companies, spicy foods, or online gift stores.The website would be the cheapest way to gather market research and further identify a target market. An additional problem is Marilyn’s pricing strategy. Cowgirl Chocolate is premium gourmet chocolate in special packaging that makes it stand out from the rest of the competition. Furthermore, it is a new and unusual product. Marilyn states that she is unsure on how to price her product. Cowgirl Chocolate is sold in overpriced spicy food specialty stores, upscale gourmet food stores, and even the grocery stores. Marilyn could not identify a trend on how pricing affect sales.This does not come as a surprise because the product is new and customers are still unaware of it. Cowgirl Chocolates should be sold at a premium price. However, in the current stage of the product cycle the company needs to create customer trial. The way to accomplish this is to offer promotions, for example by offering in store promotions, coupons, coupons and/or mail in rebates. Again, those tasks should be handled by a wholesaler. Furthermore, Cowgirl Chocolates advertising is ineffective since there is no clear defined target market. Marilyn advertises randomly in different magazines using ads created by a friend and not a professional advertising agency. Marilyn is unsure herself if the advertisement will actually increase sales or not, even though it will cost thousands of dollars. Again, market research is missing to direct advertising to the right channels and reach the target audience, with the right ads that will increase customer trial. The company currently advertises the product year round, when it should concentrate more on advertising during the peak seasons of Christmas and Valentine’s Day.The company needs to have more product information in the advertisements. Recommendations To establish a target market we recommend that Cowgirl Chocolate should add more features to the website. The website should be able track how customers found the website, track orders and repeat customers, and gather such information as demographics. By tracking purchases, Cowgirl Chocolates will be able to send out promotional emails, for example customers could be informed about a special sale, given a discount code, or just be informed about new product creations or gift ideas.Additionally, a short survey should be added after the purchase is completed to gather valuable customer information (see appendix for sample survey questions). This would be the cheapest method of doing market research and establishing a target market. By tracking customers, the company will also determine who its main competitors are. Cowgirl Chocolates could be competing with other premium chocolate manufacturers, spicy packaged food, or gift websites. Another advantage of using the internet as a distribution channel is that Cowgirl Chocolates can be sold internationally.Markets in other countries can be entered with little to no initial investment. This will again offer opportunity to feel out markets in other countries that could be physically entered at a future point of time. Secondly, Marilyn should put effort on finding a wholesaler for her product that will take over crucial tasks that she is currently trying to perform all by herself. A good wholesaler will not only take risk of Marilyn’s hands by buying greater quantities at once, but will also fight for placement in stores and offer promotions to boost initial sales.A good wholesaler will select the right distribution channels and retail outlets using years of experience and expertise that Marilyn is lacking. Using a wholesaler will free up some time for Marilyn and allow her to concentrate on other aspects of her business like product creation and design. Half of the product portfolio currently only constitutes for 5% of total sales. These products should be discontinued since a wholesaler will most likely not carry them. Using the market research gathered from the Cowgirl Chocolate website, Marylin can effectively advertise by choosing the right channels and targeting the right customers. An advertising budget can be set apart and adjusted to the seasons with the highest sales. More emphasis should be placed on seasonal advertising such as during Christmas, Easter, or Valentine’s Day to take advantage of the gift aspect of Cowgirl Chocolates. We recommend that Cowgirl Chocolate sell their chocolate to spicy food restaurant for them to give to customers at the end of their meal.This would create more product awareness among consumers who already enjoy spicy foods. In addition to the internet and wholesale business, this can be a third distribution channel. Finally, we recommend that Marilyn should capitalize on effective free marketing, such as a local newspaper or news programs and have them run a story on her product. The cookbook would be a good form of promotion for her product. Marilyn could use it to generate more customer awareness and include recipes for different uses of the Cowgirl Chocolate. Cowgirl Chocolates free essay sample In order for Marilyn Lysohir to determine the best method of reaching ideal profitability for her product line Cowgirl Chocolates, she would want to consider using cost-based pricing. Utilizing this method would afford Marilyn the ability to determine the best marketing strategy to increase her profit margin. Based on product status and pricing she would have to determine her best strategy and whether that would be to price market her product for a traditional lower cost share or for the higher end customer who are willing to pay more for premium products. By pricing and marketing Cowgirl Chocolates as a high-end premium product, Marilyn would have the flexibility of charging more thus enhancing her profit margin. There would also be the margin of cost that would allow her to absorb the overhead cost of marketing in Chile Magazine towards the price of the high-end product. Using the cost based pricing method would allow Marilyn a higher profit margin on her top selling high-end products. We will write a custom essay sample on Cowgirl Chocolates or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"Cost-based pricing uses manufacturing or production costs as its basis for pricing. The cost-based pricing company uses its costs to find a price floor and a price ceiling. The floor and the ceiling are the minimum and maximum prices for a specific product or service; they serve as a price range. If the market conditions are such that the going competitive price is under the price floor, the company may price at the floor or attempt to lower its costs to lower the floor. But ideally, the company should price somewhere in between the floor and the ceiling, according to the McDonough School of Business. Many companies that produce in masses use this pricing strategy, such as companies that produce textiles, food products and building materials† (Rawes, 2014). An alternative method would be that of demand based pricing method. This tactic of pricing would allow Marilyn to product analysis of what she sells the most and thus produce more of the product in higher demand. This is in contrast to the cost demand method. â€Å"Demand-based pricing, also known as customer-based pricing, is any pricing method that uses consumer demand based on perceived value as the central element. These include: price skimming, price discrimination, psychological pricing, bundle pricing, penetration pricing, and value-based pricing† (Boundless, 2014). Based on the demand-based pricing strategy, Marilyn should streamline her product line and reduce products that are under performers and adjust the pricing of those that are selling t higher demand. Competition-based pricing would have Marilyn determine prices by what others who sell similar products charge for the products. â€Å"Competition-based pricing is the second-most-popular price-setting approach. Managers sometimes refer to this approach as strategic pricing, although it is not particularly strategic. When taking this approach, a firm simply checks out its competitions price and then sets the price of its own product at about the same level, plus or minus a few percent† ( Raju Zhang, 2010). Cowgirl Chocolates should be priced at an equivalent value to competitors in efforts to determine the products that trigger better sales and slowly increase the price in order to reach optimal profitability. Marilyn can consider four options when determining the pricing of her products. One would be the cost-based pricing method. Another option is demand-based pricing that entails Marilyn eliminating under sellers and producing those products that have a higher demand. Alternatively, by pricing products equal with her competitors in efforts to optimize product movement and still have customer loyalty. Marilyn could also strategize her product marketability by deeming her product as high-end in efforts to sell the Cowgirl Chocolates at a higher price to make a profit. Based on the marketing options presented and list of products offered, it is recommended that Marilyn increase her profit margin on her products by following the demand-based pricing method and eliminate those products that are not moving (not as profitable) and concentrate on those products that will enhance profitability.